Helicopis
| Number: | 13076.0 | |
|---|---|---|
| In Author: | Illiger | |
| Author: | Fabricius | |
| Family: | Riodinidae | |
| Genus: | Helicopis | |
| Journal: | Mag. Insektenk. | |
| Year: | 1807 | |
| Homonym Count: | 2.0 | |
| Page: | 285 | |
| Ref Id: | 1782.0 | |
| Series: | (Illiger) | |
| Status: | Available name | |
| Subfamily: | Riodininae | |
| Superfamily: | Papilionoidea | |
| Tribe: | Helicopini | |
| Volume: | 6 | |
| Type Country: | See BHL scanned Type-species page | |
| Type Des Ref Id: | 5223.0 | |
| Type Des: | by subsequent designation by | |
| Type Des Author: | Scudder | |
| Type Des Year: | 1875 | |
| Type Des Journal: | Proc. amer. acad. Arts Sci., Boston | |
| Type Des Title: | Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Boston | |
| Type Des Volume: | 10 | |
| Type Des Part: | (2) | |
| Type Des Page: | 186 | |
| Type Des Bhl Page: | http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/22173#page/194/mode/2up | |
| Type Sp Author: | Linnaeus | |
| Type Sp Bhl Page: | http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10277#page/504/mode/2up | |
| Type Sp Journal: | Systema Naturae | |
| Type Sp Page: | 482 | |
| Type Sp Series: | (Edn 10) | |
| Type Sp Volume: | 1 | |
| Type Sp Year: | 1758 | |
| Type Sp Ref Id: | 3527.0 | |
| Type Sp Genus: | Papilio | |
| Type Sp: | cupido | |
| Memo Links: | ['http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127039', 'http://www.ucl.ac.uk/taxome/gbn/Lamas_Genera_04ii08.xls', 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riodinidae', 'http://butterfliesofamerica.com/L/t/Helicopis_a.htm', 'http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search?searchTerm=HELICOPIS'] | |
| Memo: | Hemming (1967) stated:- This well-known Riodinid name was found to suffer from two quite distinct defects, each of which could be remedied only by the intervention of the Commission. Particulars of these defects and of the remedial action taken by the Commission are given below. First, the name Helicopis Fabricius, 1807, came into collision with the name Rusticus Hübner, when, following the rejection by the Commission (in Opinion 97) of the leaflet known as the Tentamen (where that name was used for a Plebejid Lycaenid) the latter name was found to rank for priority from 1807 in which year it was published in Volume 1 of Hübner's Samml. exot. Schmett. In this work the name Rusticus was used for a number of species, one of which, the Riodinid species Papilio guides Fabricius, 1787, became its type-species by subsequent selection. The taxon represented by this nominal species is currently considered to be congeneric with that represented by the nominal species Papilio cupido Linnaeus, the type-species of Helicopis Fabricius. On the basis therefore of the subjective treatment of these two species, the names Helicopis Fabricius and Rusticus Hübner became subjective synonyms of one another. It was known that both these names were first published in 1807, but nothing was known on the question as to which had priority over the other. In order to guard against the risk that later it might be found that of these names Rusticus Hübner was the first to be published, an application was made to the Commission by myself in 1935 that the Plenary Powers should be used to secure the position of Helicopis Fabricius. This application was approved by the Commission, its decision being embodied in its Opinion 137 (1942, Opin. int. Comm. zool Nom. 2 : 21-28). In a Supplementary Note to that Opinion, published in 1945 in Part 30A of the same volume (: (5)-(9)) the name Helicopis Fabricius, 1807, was placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology as Name No. 565. The last stage of this part of the case was reached in 1954 when, in its Direction 4 (loc. cit. 2 : 62 - 652) the Commission, while reviewing the rulings given in the earlier Opinions included in the foregoing volume, confirmed the conditional suppression of the name Rusticus Hübner under the Plenary Powers prescribed in the ruling given in Opinion 137, made that suppression absolute and placed the name Rusticus Hübner, [1807], so suppressed, on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology as Najes No. 213. The second of the two defects in the status of the name Helicopis Fabriciuss 1807, came to light when it was discovered that the till-then overlooked name Helicopis [Illiger], 1807, possessed a narrow margin of priority over it. As has been explained in the note on Illiger's name this difficulty was overcome by the suppression by the Commission of the name Helicopis [Illiger] under its Plenary Powers by the ruling given in 1954 in its Opinion 232. The twofold action by the Commission described above served fully to secure the position of Helicopis Fabricius as the oldest available name for the genus having Papilio cupido Linnaeus as type-species. Cowan (1968: 12) stated:- Najes should read; Names. Cowan (1970: 15) stated:- BLANCHARD, E., 1845 (in COMTE, A., 1844-1849, Traité compl Hist. nat., 13 vols.) Histoire des Insectes, 2 Vols. Paris. This little work, usually cited simply as Blanchard's Hist. Ins., followed the fashion of the period in mixing vernacular names with zoological ones, and careful sifting is needed. Another exasperating feature is the parenthetical mention of one or two species in each genus dealt with. Sometimes the species mentioned is a well-known native one; sometimes it was simply cited as an example of the genus. But occasionally Blanchard used the positive phrase "The type of the genus is . . .", or an equivalent. In this way he made eight designations of type-species among the diurnal Lepidoptera in his volume 2. One of the eight genera concerned, Charaxes (: 339) is monotypic anyway. For five more; "Melitea" (: 337), Chionobas (: 341), Lycaena (: 344), Pamphila (: 347) and Tanaos (: 348), earlier designations already stood. Two were here new; Helicopis cupido (: 346), which involves no change, and Syrichtus malvae (: 348) which, although disagreeing with Hemming, 1967 : 423, does agree with the pre-1967 view (e.g. Evans, 1949, Cat. Hesp. Eur. Asia Austr. in B.M. : 187) that Syrichtus is invalid and Muschampia is valid. Necessary notes are included in the Corrigenda. It is also noted that Blanchard here (: 342-343) treated the two subfamilies 1. "LYCéNITES", 2. "ERYCINITES" as forming the Family "ERYCINIENS"." Cowan (1970: 47) stated:- "designator "Scudder . . . " to read - Blanchard, 1845 (in Comte, 1844-1849, Traitécompl. Hist. nat.) Hist. Ins. 2 : 346", [this replaces - Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 186, (in Hemming 1967, p.211)]. The location of type-material for Helicopis Fabriciusm, 1807 is given in Miller & Viette, 1982, Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (77) : 1-17. HELICOPIS was included within the subfamily LYCAENIDAE: RIODININAE by Ackery et al., in Kristensen (1999). The higher classification used here follows Lamas (1967. See images at Butterflies of America. |
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Additional Information
| Format | unknown |
|---|---|
| License | Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike |
| Dataset | buttmoth |
| Dataset ID | f8bc9b9c-009a-4689-bd01-ed621095c457 |
| Resource | Butterflies and Moths of the World |
| Resource ID | c1727662-2d1e-426f-818c-d144552a747c |