Princeps
| Number: | 23881.0 | |
|---|---|---|
| Author: | Hübner | |
| Bhl Page: | http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/44052#page/224/mode/2up | |
| Family: | Papilionidae | |
| Genus: | Princeps | |
| Journal: | Samml. exot. Schmett. | |
| Year: | 1807 | |
| Homonym Count: | 2.0 | |
| Page: | pl.[116] | |
| Ref Id: | 2831.0 | |
| Status: | Available name | |
| Subfamily: | Papilioninae | |
| Superfamily: | Papilionoidea | |
| Tribe: | Papilionini | |
| Volume: | 1 | |
| Type Country: | See BHL scanned Type-species page | |
| Type Des Ref Id: | 7609.0 | |
| Type Des: | by subsequent designation by | |
| Type Des Author: | Int. Commn zool. Nom. | |
| Type Des Year: | 1946 | |
| Type Des Journal: | Opin. Decl. int. Commn zool. Nom. | |
| Type Des Title: | Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature | |
| Type Des Volume: | 2 | |
| Type Des Page: | 559 (Opinion 179) | |
| Type Des Comment: | (under Article 70(a) (misidentified type-species) | |
| Type Des Bhl Page: | http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/107808#page/676/mode/2up | |
| Type Sp Author: | Esper | |
| Type Sp Bhl Page: | http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45884#page/214/mode/2up | |
| Type Sp Journal: | Ausl. Schmett. | |
| Type Sp Page: | 205, pl.51, fig.1 | |
| Type Sp Part: | (14) | |
| Type Sp Year: | 1799 | |
| Type Sp Ref Id: | 7130.0 | |
| Type Sp Genus: | Papilio | |
| Type Sp: | demodocus | |
| Memo Links: | ['http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search?searchTerm=PRINCEPS', 'http://www.ucl.ac.uk/taxome/gbn/Lamas_Genera_04ii08.xls', 'http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127039', 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilionidae'] | |
| Memo: | Hemming (1967) stated:- When by the ruling given in Opinion 97 the Commission rejected the leaflet entitled the Tentamen of Hübner ([1806]) for nomenclatorial purposes and thus rejected, inter alia, the generic name Princeps Hübner, as published in that leaflet, it became necessary to ascertain by whom, when and where the name Princeps was first validly published. It was found that the work concerned was Hübner's Samml. exot. Schmett., in the first volume of which it was applied to the species figured on plates [106] to [134]. The information provided by the discovery of the Hübner manuscripts shows (Hemming, 1937, Hübner 1 : 403-404) that these plates were published on various dates between 1807 and 1818, that two only were published in 1807, and that of these (pls [114], [116]) pl. [116] was published slightly before pl. [114]. The only species figured on pl. [116] appeared under the name Princeps demoleas (which, as will be seen below, was a misprint for demoleus). That species thus became the type-species by monotypy. On the foregoing basis the genus Princeps became a genus based on a misidentified type-species. The mistake in question originated not with Hübner but with Linnaeus, by whom the name Papilio demoleus was first published. What happened was that in 1758 (Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 464) Linnaeus described a well-known Oriental (and East-Palaearctic) species, but unfortunately in 1764 (Mus. Lud. Ulr. : 214) misidentified with that species a rather similar species widely distributed in tropical Africa, to which he then applied the name demoleus of 1757. The African species remained without a name of its own until it was given the name Papilio demodocus by Esper in 1798. The mistake made by Linnaeus in 1764 long remained undetected, being copied from one author to another, being made, for Example, by Kirby as late as 1871 (Syn. Cat. diurn. Lep. : 543). Among the authors who copied the mistake made by Linnaeus in 1764 was Hübner in the Samml. exot. Schmett., whose figures on pl. [116] clearly depict the African species, i.e. the false demoleus Linnaeus of 1764 and not the Asiatic species to which the specific name demoleus of 1758 properly belongs. In order to rectify Hübner's mistake and thus to connect his genus Princeps with the type-species corresponding with Hübner's intention when he applied the name Princeps demoleus to the species shown on his pl. [116], a request was submitted to the Commission in 1935, asking that the Plenary Powers should be used to designate Papilio demodocus Esper, [1798], to be the type-species of Princeps Hübner. This request was approved by the Commission, which embodied its decision in Opinion 179, published in 1946 (Opin. int. Comm. zool. Nom. 2 : 557-568). In this Opinion the Commission designated under its Plenary Powers the nominal species Papilio demodocus Esper to be the type-species of Princeps Hübner and also of Orpheides Hübner, [1819], of which, as has already been explained, the same misidentified species was the type-species, these two generic names being objective synonyms of one another. The name Princeps Hübner is an available name, but is not currently in use, its type-species being one of the vast assemblage of species commonly referred to the genus Papilio Linnaeus, 1758. That genus is long overdue for revision, and, in order not to appear to prejudge the status of the name Princeps whenever a comprehensive revision of the genus Papilio might be undertaken, the Commission by a Ruling given in its Direction 2, published in 1954 (loc. cit. 2 : 613-628) placed the name Princeps Hübner on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology as Name No. 760, subject to an endorsement that it was so placed on that List for use by any specialist who might take the taxonomic view that Papilio demodocus Esper, the type-species of this genus, was not congeneric with Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758, the type-species of Papilio Linnaeus, 1758. In the same Direction the specific name demodocus Esper, was published in the binomen Papilio demodocus was placed on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology as Name No. 191. The higher classification used here follows Lamas (2008). |
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Additional Information
| Format | unknown |
|---|---|
| License | Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike |
| Dataset | buttmoth |
| Dataset ID | f8bc9b9c-009a-4689-bd01-ed621095c457 |
| Resource | Butterflies and Moths of the World |
| Resource ID | c1727662-2d1e-426f-818c-d144552a747c |